Why are Cities Becoming Overcrowded?
The fact that the world’s cities are getting more and more crowded is
well-known. Cities such as Tokyo, Sao Paolo, Bombay and Shanghai are now
considered ‘mega-cities’, because of their enormous size and huge populations.
There are two main reasons why these and other cities are becoming so
crowded; one economic, the other socio-cultural.
First, the primary cause of cities becoming so crowded is economic. As a
country develops, its cities become the engines of development, thus jobs are
available in these areas. Frankfurt, Istanbul, Bombay and Sao Paolo are all the
economic centres of their countries. For example, Tokyo was the motor for
Japan’s rapid economic development in the 1960’s and 70’s; as a result, its
population increased rapidly. People moved to Tokyo because they could find
employment and establish economic security for themselves and their families
there.
Second, another factor in the huge increase in urban populations is the
socio-cultural factor. Thousands of people migrate to the cities not only for jobs
but also for educational and personal reasons. The better universities are always
located in big cities and this attracts thousands of students every year, and
these students stay on and work in the city after they graduate. Moreover,
young people will move to the city as the villages and rural areas are more
custom and tradition oriented. Therefore, young people believe this is an
obstacle to their personal freedom.
In conclusion, economic and cultural factors are the major causes of
huge urban population. People will always move to the areas which provide
opportunity and to the places which can give them the freedom they desire.
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